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当前学科：北京住院医师外科(综合练习)
题目：
单选
下列哪项指标为诊断ARDS的必要条件（）
A . 脉搏血氧饱和度
B . 氧合指数
C . 动脉血氧分压
D . 肺泡-动脉血氧分压差
E . pH值
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Out of Africa1 When Tegla Loroupe returned home to Kenya from winning the New York City Marathon in 1994, she was presented with nine cattle, 16 sheep and some land by the grateful people of her hometown. But it was the words of the ordinary womenfolk which Loroupe valued the most. "You did a good job," they told her. "You showed us that women can be successful just like men. We are not useless"2 In a country where most people think women are supposed to stay home and care for the kids, Loroupe, s victory meant a lot. It was the first time a black African woman had ever won a major marathon, and the triumph provided her independence, both financially and culturally. It also gave her the opportunity to stand up for herself and her Kenyan sisters3 Male athletes have made Kenya synonymous with success in long-distance running, but women are discouraged from competing beyond the age of 16, when they are expected to start a family. Most people think that if a woman goes out of the dountry, she will be spoiled, that she will learn more than the others, and that when they tell her to do something, she will say no. Due to this situation, Kenyan male runners have gained international success, while the female runners have been left at home4 The Kenyans' success in distance running began at the 1968 Olympic Games in Mexico City, where Kep Keino captured the gold in the 1,500-meters. The domination by Kenyan men across all distance running, from road races to cross-country, stems from youngsters running many miles to school each day, a nutritious diet, the benefits of living at high altitude and having no diversions from other sports5 Loroupe, now 25, recalls her early running days and the discouragement she received from others. When she ran to school, the men in her tribe would tell her she waswasting her time. "They didn't want me to do sports," she said. But Loroupe, from a town called Kapenguria on the Ugandan border, about 400 miles from Nairobi, began running for the same reason most of the men did 一 to avoid being late for school. "If you were late, they beat you," she said6 One of seven children, Loroupe, s was a traditional family, and her parents took along time to be convinced that she was not wasting her life. They wanted their daughter to give up the i dea of finishing school so she could stay at home and look after her younger siblings. But she insisted on going and continuing to run even though, as a child, she developed problems with her lungs7 Loroupe' a family is a member of the Bokot tribe, nomads who once drove their cattle across the plains of Kenya. Now they graze them on ranches like the one Loroupe grew up on. As a child, Loroupe used to chase the family's cattle herd for up to 12 miles, and looking back on it now, she says it was great training. The more she ran however, the more distance Loroupe put between herself and the expectations of her society. And having been overlooked four times by the Kenya Amateur Athletics Association for major championships both nationally and internationally, she eventually had to travel abroad for opportunities. It was in Germany that Anne Roberts, the elite-athlete coordinator of the New York City Marathon, first discovered Loroupe, s huge talent8 The launching pad for her success began in 1994 when Roberts invited Loroupe to take part in the New York City Marathon. Winning it gave her the determination and courage to pursue her dreams, despite the problems back home. Roberts has marvelled at Loroupe,5determination to succeed, and the obstacles she has overcome. "I think she has a very strong sense of what' s fair and what isn ' t," she said. "When you' re running everywhere, to school, to get the cows in, all over the thousand acres of farm, and yQu, re running with your brothers and you're beating them" . she fought long and hard to get out of the country to compete"9 Her victories m New York and Rotterdam have smoothed wrink!ed relationships back home. In April 1997, Loroupe won the New York Central Park City Marathon. in October of the same year, she won the World Half Marathon in Slovakia, setting a world championship record of 1 hour, 8 minutes and 14 seconds. Although Loroupe developed a knee injury from over use during the fall of 1997, she recovered, and in April 1998 she set a world record of 2 hours, 20 minutes, 47 seconds in the Women's Marathon in Rotterdam. Now many people expect Loroupe to go further and become the first woman to run under 2:20:00 一 a barrier only broken by a male marathon runner in 1953, when Britain Jim Peters clocked 2,18,40. These world records and her promising future have changed the attitudes of Kenyan people10 Loroupe now lives in Germany where she shares a house with Tanzanian and Ethiopian male runners, as well as other Kenyans. These days Loroupe is showing confidence about her career in running, but is taking it step by step. She trains 100 miles per week, while many of her rivals log 180 miles. At 25 years of age, she realizes that she is still young and inexperienced, and knows there is plenty of time. As a Kenyan woman, she knows the meaning of the words patience and strength, especially patienceQuestions 1-10 Directions:Read Passage 1 and find which the underlined woid ( s) in each of the follow 吨 sentences refer 恤1. When Tegla Loroupe returned home to Kenya from winning the New York CityMarathon in 1994, she was presented with nine cattle, 16 sheep and some tand by thegrateful people of her hometown. (paragraph 1)2. "You did a good job," they told her. (paragraph 1)3. it also gave her the opportunity to stand up for herself and her Kenyan sisters(paragraph 2)4. Most people think that if a woman goes out of the country, 业 will be spoiled,.(paragraph 3)5. "They didn't want me to do sports," she said. (paragraph 5)6. Now they graze them on ranches like the one Loroupe grew up on. (paragraph 7)7. As a child, Loroupe used to chase the family's cattle herd for up to 12 miles, andlooking back on it now, she says it was great training. (paragraph 7)8. Winning 丝 gave her the determination and courage to pursue her dreams, despite theproblems back home. (paragraph 8)9. '1 think she has a very strong sense of what' s fair and what isn' t," she said(paragraph 8)10. These days Loroupe is showing confidence about her career in running, but is taking it step by step. (paragraph 10)
沥青路面试验路铺筑属于( )阶段。A．沥青混合料压实B．沥青混合料摊铺C．施工准备D．沥青混合料运输
再保险分出人不得以再保险接受人未履行再保险责任为由，拒绝承担原保险中的保险责任。（ ）
下列哪项对肝血流没有直接影响（ ）